Bearded Dragon Care
Table of Contents
Bearded Dragon Care involves providing the right environment, diet, and regular health checks. Read on to learn how to keep your bearded dragon happy and healthy.
Introduction
Proper care for bearded dragons involves more than just a spacious enclosure. It’s about creating an environment that mimics their natural habitat. This includes providing proper lighting and maintaining the right temperature, which are essential for their health and wellness.
Caring for a bearded dragon is a rewarding experience that requires dedication and commitment. Their unique needs and behaviors make them fascinating pets.
Brief history and origin of bearded dragons
Bearded dragons, or ‘beardies’ as I like to call them, are some of the coolest lizards you can have as pets. They originally hail from the hot, dry deserts of Australia, but now they’re popular pets all around the world! These little guys are known for their unique appearance, especially the spiky ‘beard’ under their chin that can puff up and change color when they’re feeling defensive or trying to show off. Isn’t that just the coolest thing ever?
What’s even more awesome is that all the bearded dragons we have as pets are bred in captivity. That’s right, it’s illegal to take wild bearded dragons from Australia. So, the beardies we have are all special, with different colors and types thanks to selective breeding. You can find beardies in bright yellow or orange, and even smooth-scale variants called leatherbacks. It’s like having your own little dragon, right at home!
Why bearded dragons make good pets
Now, you might be wondering, “Why should I get a bearded dragon?” Well, let me tell you, they make excellent pets! They’re usually pretty chill, easy to handle, and they rarely bite. Plus, they can live for 8-10 years, and some have even lived up to 18 years! That’s a lot of time to spend with your scaly friend.
But what I love most about beardies is that they’re super entertaining. They have this funny way of waving their arms as a form of communication, and it’s just the cutest thing ever! Plus, they’re pretty easy to take care of, as long as you give them the right care and attention. Trust me, having a bearded dragon as a pet is a unique and rewarding experience that you’ll absolutely love!
Top 5 Signs Your Bearded Dragon is Happy
- They are active and alert.
- They show interest in their surroundings.
- They have a good appetite and eat regularly.
- They bask regularly under their heat lamp.
- They are comfortable with handling and show no signs of stress when you’re near.
Bearded Dragon Basic Care Requirements
| Requirement | Description |
|---|---|
| Lighting | Bearded dragons need a combination of UVA and UVB light for 12-14 hours a day. |
| Temperature | The basking area should be around 95-105°F, while the cooler end should be around 85°F. |
| Humidity | Keep the humidity level around 30-40%. |
| Enclosure | A 40-gallon tank is the minimum size for an adult bearded dragon. |
| Substrate | Newspaper, reptile carpet, or tile is recommended. Avoid sand or loose substrate. |
| Diet | A mix of insects and vegetables. Young dragons need more insects, while adults need more vegetables. |
Housing and Enclosure
Bearded dragons are pretty chill, but they do need their space. Just like we need our bedrooms to sleep and play, beardies need a proper home too. A 120cm long x 60cm high x 60 cm wide vivarium is the minimum size you’ll need for one adult dragon. Make sure it’s secure, well-ventilated and made from solid material that’s easy to clean. You wouldn’t want to live in a dirty room, would you? Neither does your beardie!
Now, let’s talk about the inside of the vivarium. It’s not just an empty box, it’s a mini world for your beardie! There are lots of different furnishings for bearded dragons. If using sand, use reptile-safe sand and avoid ‘calci-sand’, as it’s dangerous for reptiles if they accidentally eat it. It’s important to add accessories to your beardy’s vivarium, such as rocks and branches to climb on. You can also help your beardy feel secure by making sure they have some good hiding areas. It’s like their own little adventure playground!
Bearded Dragon Housing Essentials
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
| Vivarium | A 120cm long, 60cm high and 60cm deep vivarium for an adult bearded dragon. |
| Ventilation | The vivarium should have good ventilation to prevent respiratory problems. |
| Furnishings | Include safe plants, rocks, and logs for climbing and hiding. |
| Cleanliness | Regular cleaning is necessary to prevent bacterial and fungal growth. |
Temperature and Lighting
Temperature and lighting are super important for your beardie. They need a vivarium that ranges from a hotter (38 to 42°C) bright end, to a cooler (22 to 26°C) shaded end. As well as this, you’ll need to provide a 10 to 12 per cent fluorescent UV tube at the hot end, to stop your beardy from getting metabolic bone disease. It’s also essential to keep humidity low – use a hygrometer to measure this at the cool end. It’s like creating a mini desert right in your home!
Remember, bearded dragons are cold-blooded, which means they can’t regulate their body temperature like we do. They rely on their environment for that. So, providing the right temperature and lighting is crucial for their health. Without the right conditions, they can get sick. So, let’s make sure we get this right!
Temperature and Lighting Requirements
| Requirement | Description |
|---|---|
| Temperature Gradient | 24-28°C in the cool end and 35-40°C in the basking spot. |
| UVB Lighting | Essential for the synthesis of vitamin D3. |
| Humidity | Should be low, around 20-40%. |
| Hygrometer | Used to measure humidity levels. |
Diet and Nutrition
Bearded dragons are omnivores—they eat a mixture of vegetables and animal protein. Juveniles are more insectivorous, with bugs accounting for a larger percentage of their diet. As they mature, their intake of greens increases, as does the size of their prey. Generally, insects should always be alive (not freeze-dried) and no larger than the size between the dragon’s eyes. It’s like a buffet of bugs and veggies!
Water should always be available in a shallow container and refreshed daily. Insects should make up approximately 25% of the adult’s diet. It is important to offer a wide variety of insects, including crickets, dubia roaches, hornworms, phoenix worms, super worms, silkworms, mealworms, waxworms, butter worms, and grasshoppers. Make sure to rotate insects, so you’re providing different nutrients all the time. Freeze-dried insects do not have sufficient nutrients and are not recommended.
| Food Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Plants and Vegetables | Safe plants include rocket, watercress, and bell peppers. |
| Live Insects | Crickets, locusts, and mealworms are good options. |
| Supplements | Calcium and vitamin D3 supplements are necessary. |
| Water | Fresh water should always be available. |
Health and Medical Needs
Bearded dragons require minimal veterinary care when appropriately managed with the correct lighting, temperature, supplements, and diet. Beardies may need their nails trimmed every few weeks, which can be done at home with practice. At a minimum, bearded dragons should have an examination by a veterinarian every year to look at their teeth, evaluate body condition, and assess for metabolic bone disease. A fecal analysis should be checked for any intestinal parasites, and adult animals should have bloodwork performed to look at internal organ function and calcium levels.
Healthy bearded dragons have an alert attitude, willingness to eat and bask, upright posture, clean vent, well filled-out belly, and absence of swellings in toes or tail. Bearded dragons should have showers or soaks two to three times a week with warm water, for approximately 10–15 minutes each time. Many bearded dragons grow to enjoy this time, and it helps increase hydration and clean off any debris, shedding, or dirt from their body.
Health Checks for Bearded Dragons
| Health Check | Description |
|---|---|
| Shedding | Bearded dragons shed their skin regularly. |
| Brumation | A period of dormancy similar to hibernation. |
| Regular Health Checks | Check for clear eyes, healthy skin, and active behavior. |
| Specialist Vet | Regular check-ups with a reptile vet are necessary. |
Cleaning and Handling
The terrarium should be spot-cleaned daily, including removal of old food, any bowel movements, and refreshment of the water dish. Terrariums should undergo a more thorough deep-clean every week when the bearded dragon is not inside the enclosure. If using harsh chemicals, make sure to thoroughly dry the area before returning your beardie to his terrarium. Noxious chemicals may be irritating to a bearded dragon’s respiratory system, so ensure proper ventilation after cleaning.
Steps to Handle a Bearded Dragon
- Approach the bearded dragon slowly.
- Place your hand under its belly gently.
- Lift it up slowly and support its legs.
- Always handle it with care and never squeeze it.
To pick up a bearded dragon, scoop one hand under the chest near the front legs and support the tail with the other. Bearded dragons typically feel safer when held securely and close to the body. They may even want to sit on your shoulders to get a good view of their surroundings. New and young bearded dragons are fast and wily, so use extra caution when handling. Bearded dragons should spend at least 30 minutes outside of their terrarium a day. The more often they are out (without getting cold or away from their UVB bulbs too often) the more docile they can become.
Bearded dragons are more than just pets. They are companions that bring joy and fascination into our lives.
Temperature and Lighting
Creating a Temperature Gradient
Creating a temperature gradient in your bearded dragon’s enclosure is like giving them their very own weather system. It’s not just about keeping them warm; it’s about giving them choices. In the wild, beardies bask in the sun when they want to warm up and find shade when they need to cool down. By setting up a heat lamp at one end of the enclosure, you’re mimicking this natural environment. They’ll move towards the heat when they’re chilly and retreat to the cooler end when they’re feeling toasty. It’s all about empowering your little dragon to regulate their own body temperature.
Remember, the temperature needs to vary from one end of the enclosure to the other. The hot end should be around 95-110°F (35-43°C) during the day, while the cooler end should be about 85°F (29°C). At night, the temperature can drop to around 70-75°F (21-24°C). A good quality thermometer (or even better, two!) is a must to ensure you’re getting this right.
Importance of UVB Lighting
Now, let’s talk about the sun, or rather, your bearded dragon’s personal mini-sun: the UVB lamp. Bearded dragons need exposure to UVB rays to synthesize vitamin D3, which in turn helps them absorb calcium from their diet. Without enough UVB, they can develop metabolic bone disease, a serious condition that can lead to deformities and other health problems.
A UVB lamp should cover at least two-thirds of the enclosure’s length and be placed so your beardie can bask about 10-12 inches (25-30 cm) away. Remember, UVB rays can’t penetrate glass or plastic, so the lamp should be inside the enclosure or under a mesh top. And don’t forget to replace the bulb every six months, even if it’s still shining. The UVB output decreases over time, even if the light doesn’t.
Maintaining Low Humidity
Humidity might not be the first thing that comes to mind when you think about desert animals, but it’s an important part of bearded dragon care. Beardies are used to arid environments, so they prefer their homes on the drier side. The ideal humidity level for a bearded dragon is around 30-40%.
To monitor humidity levels, you’ll need a hygrometer. If the enclosure is too humid, you can increase ventilation or use a lower moisture substrate. If it’s too dry, try misting the enclosure lightly or adding a water dish. But remember, bearded dragons aren’t tropical creatures – they like it dry!
Use of Hygrometer for Measuring Humidity
A hygrometer is a handy little tool that measures the amount of moisture in the air. It’s like a thermometer for humidity! Having one in your bearded dragon’s enclosure will help you keep track of the humidity levels and make sure they’re just right.
Hygrometers come in analog and digital versions. While both types can do the job, digital hygrometers are generally more accurate. Place it in the cooler end of the enclosure, away from the direct heat of the basking lamp. By keeping an eye on the hygrometer and adjusting as needed, you’ll help ensure your bearded dragon stays happy and healthy.
Diet and Nutrition
Understanding the Omnivorous Nature of Bearded Dragons
Bearded dragons are like the adventurous foodies of the reptile world. They’re omnivores, which means they eat both plants and meat. In the wild, their diet includes a mix of insects, small rodents, and a variety of plants. As pet owners, it’s our job to replicate this varied diet to keep our beardies healthy and satisfied.
For baby and juvenile bearded dragons, the diet should be about 70% insects and 30% greens. As they grow older, their diet should gradually shift to 70% greens and 30% insects. This is because adult bearded dragons need less protein and more fiber in their diet. Variety is key here, so mix it up with different types of safe vegetables, fruits, and insects.
Variety of Safe Plants and Vegetables
When it comes to greens, bearded dragons can eat a wide variety. Some of their favorites include collard greens, mustard greens, bell peppers, and squash. Fruits like apples, pears, and berries can also be given, but in moderation as they are high in sugar. Remember, variety is the spice of life for your bearded dragon, so try to mix it up and offer different types of veggies and fruits.
Safe Plants for Bearded Dragons
- Rocket
- Watercress
- Bell peppers
- Butternut squash
However, not all plants and vegetables are safe for bearded dragons. Avoid feeding them lettuce as it’s mostly water and lacks nutritional value. Also, avoid avocados and rhubarb as they are toxic to bearded dragons. Always research or consult with a vet before introducing a new food to your bearded dragon’s diet.
Importance of Live Insects in Their Diet
Live insects are like the fast food of the bearded dragon world – they absolutely love them! Insects provide essential proteins and fats that your bearded dragon needs to stay healthy. Some good choices are crickets, mealworms, and roaches. You can also occasionally offer waxworms and superworms, but these are quite fatty and should be given as treats.
Live Insects for Bearded Dragons
- Crickets
- Locusts
- Mealworms
- Waxworms
Remember to gut-load your insects before feeding them to your bearded dragon. This means feeding the insects a nutritious diet before they become the meal. This way, your bearded dragon gets all the nutrients the insects have eaten. Also, never feed your bearded dragon insects that are larger than the space between their eyes. Larger insects can cause choking or impaction.
Correct Supplements for Bearded Dragons
Even with a varied diet, bearded dragons often need a little nutritional boost. That’s where supplements come in. Calcium and vitamin D3 supplements are especially important for bearded dragons. They help prevent metabolic bone disease, a common health issue in bearded dragons.
You can dust your bearded dragon’s food with a calcium supplement 2-3 times a week. If your UVB lighting is adequate, you may not need to use a D3 supplement as your bearded dragon can produce D3 naturally. However, if you’re unsure about your UVB setup, a calcium supplement with D3 can be used. Always consult with a vet to determine the best supplement regimen for your bearded dragon.
Water Needs of Bearded Dragons
Despite living in arid environments, bearded dragons still need water. However, they hydrate differently than we do. Many bearded dragons don’t recognize standing water as a source of hydration. Instead, they prefer to get their water from dew and the foods they eat.
You can offer water to your bearded dragon by misting the vegetables you feed them or by giving them a shallow bath. If you choose to provide a water dish, make sure it’s shallow to prevent drowning. Remember to change the water daily to keep it fresh. Hydration is crucial for your bearded dragon’s health and wellness, so make sure they’re getting enough water in their own unique way.
Health and Wellness
Understanding the Shedding Process
Just like how we outgrow our old clothes, bearded dragons outgrow their skin. This process is called shedding, and it’s a normal part of a bearded dragon’s growth and development. Baby and juvenile bearded dragons shed more frequently than adults because they’re growing at a faster rate.
During the shedding process, you might notice your bearded dragon’s behavior change. They might become less active, eat less, or even try to scratch their skin against objects in their enclosure. This is all normal. You can help your bearded dragon by providing a shallow bath or misting them with water to keep their skin moist. However, never pull off their shedding skin as it can hurt them and cause infections.
Signs of a Healthy Bearded Dragon
| Sign | Description |
|---|---|
| Active and Alert | They should be responsive to their environment and show interest in their surroundings. |
| Good Appetite | They should eat regularly and have a healthy appetite. |
| Clear Eyes | Their eyes should be clear and bright, without any discharge. |
| Healthy Skin | Their skin should be free of sores, bumps, or unusual spots. |
| Regular Bowel Movements | They should have regular, well-formed bowel movements. |
Brumation in Bearded Dragons
If your bearded dragon suddenly becomes lethargic and starts sleeping a lot, don’t panic. They might just be going through brumation, which is similar to hibernation in mammals. During brumation, bearded dragons will sleep more, eat less, and generally be less active. This can last for a few weeks to a few months.
Before assuming your bearded dragon is brumating, it’s important to rule out any health issues. A sudden change in behavior can also be a sign of illness. If your bearded dragon is brumating, ensure they have a comfortable and quiet place to rest. Also, even though they might not eat much, always provide fresh water and food.
Regular Health Checks and Signs of a Healthy Bearded Dragon
Regular health checks are an important part of bearded dragon care. You don’t need to be a vet to do this. Simply observe your bearded dragon for any changes in their behavior, appetite, or appearance. A healthy bearded dragon will be alert, have clear eyes, a strong appetite, and a well-formed stool.
If you notice anything unusual like lethargy, loss of appetite, weight loss, or changes in their stool, it might be a sign of illness. Bearded dragons can suffer from various health issues like metabolic bone disease, respiratory infections, and parasites. If you suspect your bearded dragon is sick, it’s important to take them to a vet who specializes in reptiles.
Importance of a Specialist Reptile Vet
Just like you wouldn’t go to a dentist for a broken arm, you shouldn’t take your bearded dragon to a vet who doesn’t specialize in reptiles. Reptiles have unique health needs that require a vet with specific knowledge and experience. A specialist reptile vet will be able to provide the best care for your bearded dragon.
Finding a good reptile vet can be a bit of a challenge, but it’s worth the effort. You can start by asking for recommendations from local reptile groups or pet stores. Once you find a potential vet, don’t hesitate to ask them about their experience with bearded dragons. Remember, regular vet check-ups are an essential part of keeping your bearded dragon healthy and happy.
Handling and Interaction
Proper Way to Handle a Bearded Dragon
Handling your bearded dragon correctly is crucial for their safety and your bond with them. Always approach your bearded dragon slowly and calmly, letting them see your hand before you touch them. When picking them up, place one hand under their belly and use your other hand to support their tail and hind legs. Never grab them from above as this can scare them.
When holding your bearded dragon, keep them at a low height to prevent injuries in case they decide to jump or wriggle out of your hands. Also, remember that bearded dragons are not toys. They should be handled gently and with respect. Always wash your hands before and after handling your bearded dragon to prevent the spread of germs.
Precautions to Take When Handling
While bearded dragons are generally docile and easy to handle, there are some precautions you should take. First, always supervise children when they’re handling a bearded dragon. Teach them how to hold the dragon correctly and remind them to be gentle. Second, never wake a sleeping dragon. If your bearded dragon is sleeping or brumating, let them rest.
Another important precaution is to avoid handling your bearded dragon when they’re shedding. Their skin can be sensitive during this time, and handling can cause discomfort. Lastly, if your bearded dragon shows signs of stress or aggression, like puffing their beard or hissing, it’s best to give them some space and try handling them later.
Importance of Regular Interaction
Regular interaction is key to building a strong bond with your bearded dragon. This doesn’t just mean handling them, but also spending time talking to them, feeding them, and even watching TV together. Bearded dragons are social creatures and they enjoy the company of their human caretakers.
Interacting with your bearded dragon regularly also helps them get used to your presence and reduces stress. It’s a great way to stimulate their mind and keep them active. Remember, each bearded dragon is unique and will have their own preferences when it comes to interaction. Pay attention to their body language and respect their boundaries.
Understanding the natural behaviors and needs of bearded dragons is the key to providing them with a happy and healthy life.
Conclusion
Recap of the Importance of Proper Care for Bearded Dragons
Taking care of a bearded dragon is a rewarding experience that comes with its own set of responsibilities. From providing the right housing and environment to ensuring they have a balanced diet, every aspect of their care is crucial for their health and happiness. Remember, bearded dragons are reliant on us to replicate their natural habitat as closely as possible.
Temperature and lighting play a significant role in their wellbeing, and so does regular interaction. Handling your bearded dragon correctly and frequently helps build a strong bond between you two. Regular health checks and understanding their behavior are also key to ensuring your bearded dragon lives a long, healthy life.
Encouragement for Responsible Pet Ownership
Owning a bearded dragon, or any pet for that matter, is a commitment. It’s not just about the cute moments and fun times, but also about understanding and catering to their needs. Bearded dragons are amazing creatures that deserve our love, respect, and the best care we can provide.
If you’re considering getting a bearded dragon or already have one, I hope this guide has been helpful. Remember, responsible pet ownership is about providing the best possible life for your pet. So, let’s continue to learn, adapt, and strive to be the best bearded dragon parents we can be!
Category: Bearded Dragon Care
